Bed Bugs are Public Health Pests | US EPA (2024)

Although bed bugs are not known to transmit disease, they are a pest of significant public health importance. Bed bugs fit into a category of blood-sucking ectoparasites (external parasites) similar to head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis). Bed bugs, like head lice, feed on the blood of humans but are not believed to transmit disease. Differences in the biology of similar species of pests, such as body lice and head lice (or bed bugs) can greatly impact the ability of pests to transmit disease.

In 2002, the federal government (EPA, CDC, USDA) officially acknowledged the public health impacts of bed bugs. They cause a variety of negative physical health, mental health and economic consequences. Many people have mild to severe allergic reaction to the bites with effects ranging from no reaction to a small bite mark to, in rare cases, anaphylaxis (severe, whole-body reaction). These bites can also lead to secondary infections of the skin such as impetigo, ecthyma, and lymphanigitis. Bed bugs may also affect the mental health of people living in infested homes. Reported effects include anxiety, insomnia and systemic reactions.

Joint Statement on Bed Bug Control in the United States from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

List of Pests of Significant Public Health Importance - Pesticide Registration (PR Notice) Notice 2002-1

Bed Bugs are Public Health Pests | US EPA (2024)

FAQs

Bed Bugs are Public Health Pests | US EPA? ›

Myth: Bed bugs are not a public health pest. Reality: Bed bugs are a public health pest. We coordinated with CDC and USDA to identify pests of public health importance and issued a Pesticide Registration Notice that listed pests of significant public health importance. Bed bugs are on this list.

Are bed bugs a public health pest? ›

Bed bugs are a public health pest. While bed bugs have not been shown to transmit disease, they do cause a variety of negative physical health, mental health and economic consequences. Some of these effects include: Allergic reactions to their bites, which can be severe.

Are bed bugs an OSHA violation? ›

Although OSHA does not have specific regulations solely focused on bed bugs, its general duty clause requires employers to provide a safe work environment free from recognized hazards. If a bug infestation poses a health risk to employees, OSHA may use this clause to address the issue.

Are bed bug infestations covered by most standard insurance policies? ›

Standard renters insurance policies typically won't offer coverage for bed bug infestations or any resulting damage. If an infestation occurs, you or your landlord are responsible for covering the extermination costs.

Do bed bugs need to be disclosed? ›

Nearly all the laws prevent a landlord from renting or advertising a unit with a known current infestation. Beyond disclosing the history of bed bugs and prohibiting the rental of infested properties, some local laws also require landlords to: Provide tenants with information about bed bugs.

Are bed bugs a hygiene problem? ›

Bed bugs are not a sign of a dirty home or poor personal hygiene. Bed bugs are hitchhikers - they travel to new places by hiding in furniture, suitcases, or other objects that get moved around.

What are bed bugs classified as? ›

Bed bugs are obligate blood-sucking insects belonging to the Cimicidae family. They are ectoparasites with a long history of presence in human communities.

Can an employee bring bed bugs to work? ›

Offices make a good environment for bed bugs since there always is the possibility that an employee, custodian or a visitor may bring bed bugs into the office.

Are bed bugs a workplace hazard? ›

Bed bugs can be found anywhere that humans live or visit. Bed bugs can be unknowingly brought into the workplace by employees, custodial staff, visitors, customers, vendors, clients, and others. Workers potentially at higher risk are those who handle bedding, clothing, or furniture where bed bugs could be hiding.

Is a hotel liable for bed bugs? ›

Yes, you can sue a hotel for bed bugs. However, immediately filing a lawsuit is not always the best way to go about it.

Can you claim compensation for bed bugs? ›

Discovering bed bugs on holiday is not a pleasant experience and can sometimes result in medical attention being required during or following your stay. If you've had to deal with an infestation that has resulted in bed bug bites in your holiday accommodation, there's a high chance that you can claim compensation.

Are bed bugs standard precautions? ›

Standard Precautions apply to all patients including those known or suspected of having bed bugs.

What is considered a severe bed bug infestation? ›

With a huge infestation, bed bugs start to move away from the bed, so you're more likely to see one in an exposed place during the day. In very severe infestations people can become anemic. That takes a lot of bugs though—maybe 100,000 feeding once a week or more. Another clue to infestation is odor.

Are bed bugs a public health issue? ›

In 2002, the federal government (EPA, CDC, USDA) officially acknowledged the public health impacts of bed bugs. They cause a variety of negative physical health, mental health and economic consequences.

Do you have to throw everything out if you have bed bugs? ›

Most times, clothing, bedding and furniture from a home with a bed bug problem can be treated and do not need to be thrown away. If you decide to dispose of items, they should be carefully sealed in a plastic bag or container first so the bed bugs don't spread.

Do I have to tell work I have bed bugs? ›

You aren't legally obligated to tell. Your home life is your business, and no state or federal law requires that you divulge a bed bug infestation to your employer.

Is it your fault if you get bed bugs? ›

The landlord after all is responsible for ridding the property of bed bugs and making sure they don't spread to other units. A tenant who refuses to cooperate or makes the problem worse only opens the landlord up to liability, further hassle, and damages.

Should I be worried if my neighbor has bed bugs? ›

If you find out your neighbor has bed bugs you need to take the situation seriously and proceed accordingly. First, if you live in a single unattached family home (as opposed to a condo, apartment, or row-home) the chances of cross-contamination are fairly minimal.

What happens if bed bugs go untreated? ›

Leaving bed bugs untreated will exacerbate the problem, as infestations do not die out on their own. With a single bed bug laying as many as 200 eggs in a lifetime, an untreated infestation can grow rapidly. The larger the infestation, the more susceptible you are to bed bug bites.

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